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Data Protection Legislation - Countries

North America

Abstract

Canada, Mexico, and The U.S. have implemented data protection laws.

In this document:

Canada

(See a comprehensive review of the data protection laws of Canada.)

Constitution

Although there is no explicit right to privacy in Canadas Constitution, interpretations of Section 8 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, which secures freedom from unreasonable search and seizure, have recognized individual rights to privacy.

Data Protection Laws

  • Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act, 2000

  • Telecommunications Act, R.S.C., c. R-2, s.9, 1985

  • Federal Privacy Act, 1982

  • Bank Act, c. 46, ss. 242, 244, 459

  • Insurance Companies Act, s. 489, s.607

  • Trust and Loan Companies Act, s.444

  • Anti-terrorist Bill C-36

  • Federal Access to Information Act, C. A-1

Pending Legislation

Bill C-55, proposed to clarify the anti-terrorist Bill C-36, is currently pending.

International Agreements

  • International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966)

  • OECD Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data (1980)

  • Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime (2001) (non-member signatory)

Data Protection Authority

Privacy Commissioner of Canada
112 Kent Street
Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 1H3
E-mail: infor@privcom.gc.ca
Web site: http://www.privcom.gc.ca/

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United Mexican States

Constitution

Article 16 of the 1917 Constitution recognizes the freedom from molestation of ones person, family, home, papers or possessions except by written order from a "proper authority." The Constitution further states: "Correspondence, under the protective circle of the mail, will be free from all inspection, and its violation will be punishable by law.

Data Protection Laws

None

Pending Legislation

Mexican Data Protection Bill 2001 is pending in Congress.

International Agreements

  • International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966)

Data Protection Authority

None

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United States of America

 

 

 

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